21360 - Critical Care Nursing (BO2)

Learning outcomes

At the end of the module the student correlates the different clinical care knowledge to recognize the critical indicators in the different operational contexts of the emergency area. Knowledge and applies appropriate interventions based on the organization, rules and protocols/procedures shared by the scientific community. Identifies, plans and evaluates healthcare interventions and collaborates with other professional figures in diagnostic-therapeutic paths

Course contents

Definition of the concept of “critical area”
Characteristics of intensive departments (structure, staffing)

Monitoring in intensive care

The evaluation scales in the critical area:

Glasgow Coma Scale - GCS
Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale (RASS)
Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS)
Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT)
Braden scale and pressure injury risk assessment
2-Out-of-hospital emergency systems: history, legislation, organization, evolution

Patient care in out-of-hospital settings: the nursing algorithms of the Emilia Romagna Region [Nursing algorithms of the Emilia Romagna Region 2016 [https://www.ordineinfermieribologna.it/2016/118-emilia-romagna-pubblicati-i-protocolli.html] ]

ABCDE approach
Emergency assistance to the patient with chest pain
Emergency assistance to the patient with trauma
Assistance to patients suffering from cardiac arrest
Pain treatment in prehospital emergency
3-Nursing assistance in the emergency room

Triage in the emergency room
The clinical-care pathways for patients with stroke, acute myocardial infarction and trauma
4-Airway management, materials and techniques:

basic aids: oropharyngeal cannula, nasopharyngeal cannula
advanced devices: orotracheal intubation, supraglottic devices (laryngeal tube, laryngeal mask), introducers, optical laryngoscopes, fiberoscopy
Percutaneous tracheostomy (rationale, insertion, management)
5-Invasive mechanical ventilation:

modes (pressure and volumetric, assisted and controlled)
materials and management (pulmonary ventilators, circuits, tracheobronchial suction, humidification)
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV):
modes (CPAP, Bi Level ventilations)
devices and interfaces (oronasal mask, face mask, helmet)
6-Nursing care of the patient with head trauma in the ICU:

Description of the different pathological pictures
Monitoring, intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion
Ventricular drains and shunts
7-Vascular access in emergency and intensive care:

central venous catheters: characteristics (CICC, PICC, FICC), management, rationale for use of multi-lumen catheters
arterial catheters: characteristics and management
intraosseous access
8- Patient-centered nursing care in intensive care:

Characteristics of the patient in intensive care, complications and prevention
Delirium in the critically ill patient: evaluation and prevention strategies
the ABCDEF bundle

Readings/Bibliography

• Badon P, Giusti GD, Assistenza infermieristica in area critica e in emergenza, 2022, Zanichelli, EAN/ISBN 9788808980076 (eBook 9788808639257) CAPITOLI SUGGERITI 1-2-4-5-17 (+ PER APPROFONDIMENTO 6-7-8)
  

• Comisso I, Lucchini A, Bambi S, Giusti GD, Manici M, Infermieristica in terapia intensiva, 2021, Giunti Psychometrics, EAN/ISBN 9788809903326

• Sasso L, Silvestro A, Rocco G, Tibaldi L, Moggia F, Infermieristica in area critica, 2012, McGrawHill, EAN/ISBN 978-8838626678

Teaching methods

Frontal lessons

Interactive lessons through discussion of clinical cases

Assessment methods

The learning assessment test will be structured around an oral exam discussing topics present in the program.

The student will be evaluated based on the following points:

Argumentation, analysis, synthesis, critical reworking
Care planning skills
Ability to apply multidisciplinary knowledge
Expressive ability, appropriate use and mastery of technical terminology and the Italian language

Teaching tools

The presence detection will be carried out by electronic reading of the personal card issued by the University Secretariat.

Office hours

See the website of Matteo Bartolomei