57359 - Analysis of Medicines I (GR-A)

Course contents

120 hours
Introduction to pharmaceutical analysis. Qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis.
Measurement methods and preliminary operations in chemical analysis. Italian Pharmacopoeia (FU) and European Pharmacopoeia.
Ions of pharmaceutical and toxicological interest: properties, identification reactions, pharmacological and toxicological activity (ammonium salts, silver, lead, mercury, arsenic, antimony, copper, bismuth, iron, aluminium, zinc, manganese, cobalt, nickel, calcium, barium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, lithium, sulphates, nitrates, phosphates, borates, chlorides, bromides, iodides, carbonates, acetates). Limit tests of impurities of inorganic compounds of FU.
Introduction to spectroscopic analysis: flame atomic emission spectroscopy.
Classification of quantitative methods of analysis.
Measurement of mass: analytical and auxiliary balances. Gravimetric methods: properties of precipitates and precipitating reagents; applications of gravimetric methods.
Titrimetric methods of analysis: general aspects of volumetric titrimetry; standard solutions; volumetric calculations.
Precipitation titrations: precipitation titration curves; chemical indicators and applications of precipitation titrations. Determination of inorganic compounds by precipitation titrations of FU (silver nitrate, mercuric oxide, potassium bromide, potassium chloride).
Acid-base titrations in aqueous media: chemical indicators and applications. Determination of compounds by acid-base titrations of FU (ammonia solution, sodium carbonate, lithium carbonate, glacial acetic acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid).
Complex-formation titrations: complex-formation reactions; titrations with aminopolycarboxylic acids; EDTA titration curves; indicators for EDTA titrations; titration methods employing EDTA. Applications. Determination of inorganic compounds by complex-formation titrations of FU (aluminium, bismuth, calcium, magnesium, zinc).
Oxidation/reduction titrations: indicators; standard oxidants and reductants; applications. Determination of inorganic compounds by oxidation/reduction titrations of FU (potassium iodide, potassium permanganate, potassium iodate, iodine, ferrous sulphate, copper sulphate, hydrogen peroxide solution).

Laboratory lessons: identification reaction of ions, limit tests of impurities. Identification and tests of inorganic compounds of FU. Standardisation of volumetric solutions. Assays of inorganic compounds of FU.

Readings/Bibliography

P. Barbetti, M. G. Quaglia, L'Analisi qualitativa in chimica farmaceutica e tossicologica inorganica, vol.I, Galeno, 1991
D. Skoog, D. West, F.J. Holler, Fondamenti di Chimica analitica, SES, 1998
G.C. Porretta, Analisi di preparazioni farmaceutiche, Analisi Quantitativa, Vol. 1°, CISU, 2000
A. Guarnieri, Corso di Analisi dei Medicinali II, CLUEB, 1996
D. Skoog, D. West, F. J. Holler, Chimica Analitica, Introduzione, 3° ed., SES, 1996

Office hours

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