05118 - Medical Clinic and Medical Treatment (AK-B)

Learning outcomes

By the end of the course, students will have developed:

• The ability to engage in clinical reasoning necessary to analyze and address the most common and significant medical problems.
• Proficiency in applying methodologies to accurately gather clinical, functional, and laboratory data, and critically interpret them, including from a pathophysiological perspective.
• The capability to assess cost-benefit ratios when selecting diagnostic procedures.
• Skills to analyze and solve medical problems by evaluating the relationships between benefits, risks, and costs, adhering to the principles of evidence-based medicine and diagnostic-therapeutic appropriateness.
• The ability to design appropriate therapeutic programs for the most relevant medical conditions, making informed decisions based on evidence-based medicine principles.

Course contents

Presentation of Clinical Cases:

A focus on multi-organ manifestations will be emphasized. Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures will be analyzed through interactive discussions to critically assess:

• The collection of medical history and physical examination findings;
• Differential diagnoses, and the rationale behind the selection of laboratory and instrumental examinations;
• Therapeutic strategies, evaluating both their effectiveness and potential side effects.

Where relevant, reviews of pathophysiology and clinical pharmacology will be included.

Readings/Bibliography

1) RUGARLI – Medicina Interna Sistematica. Masson Ed.

2) NUTI - Semeiotica Medica. Minerva Medica Ed.

3) HARRISON – Principi di Medicina Interna. McGraw-Hill Ed.

4) CECIL – Trattato di Medicina Interna. Verduci Ed.

5) BARTOLI – Medicina Interna: Metodologia, Semeiotica, Fisiopatologia Clinica, Terapia Medica. Restless Ed.

Teaching methods

Lectures with interactive discussion on the clinical cases under examination

Assessment methods

Oral Exam:

The oral exam will focus on discussing clinical cases, with special emphasis on medical history, physical examination, selection and interpretation of laboratory and instrumental tests, and therapeutic decision-making for the case at hand. The aim of the oral exam is to assess the student's ability to apply their knowledge to clinical practice and make logical, deductive connections.

Grading Criteria:

• Grade 18-21: Limited knowledge of the topics covered during the exam and analytical skills that emerge only with the teacher’s assistance; overall correct language use.
• Grade 22-24: Fair knowledge of the topics, with independent analysis limited to basic concepts; expression in correct language.
• Grade 25-29: Good understanding of various topics discussed during the exam; ability to make independent critical analysis; proficiency in specific terminology.
• Grade 30-30L: Comprehensive knowledge of all topics covered during the exam; ability to make independent critical choices and connections; full command of specific terminology; strong argumentation and self-reflection skills.

Teaching tools

The slides are available in electronic format on the Alma Mater website.

Office hours

See the website of Francesco Tovoli