04294 - Fluid Mechanics

Learning outcomes

Students learn basic fluid mechanics entailing interdisciplinary knowledge and applications in the fields of Mechanical Engineering.

Course contents

1. Fluids energy, force and power – introduction
   1. Fluid Mechanics
   2. Course objective
   3. Different approaches
   4. Energy conservation in fluids
   5. Newton’s second law and momentum balance
   6. Experimental approach, viscous and turbulent dissipation
   7. Differential equation and simplified solutions for laminar flow
2. Fluids rheology
   1. The mechanics of fluid continuum
   2. Density and specific weight
   3. Vapour pressure and cavitation
   4. Mechanical energy
   5. Bulk modulus
   6. Celerity and Mach’s number
   7. Viscosity
3. Fluid statics
   1. Pressure
   2. Hydrostatic forces
   3. Hydrostatic forces on cylindrical surfaces
   4. Buoyancy
   5. Rigid motion
4. Cinematics and Conservations laws
   1. Fluids cinematics
   2. Substantial derivative
   3. Mass conservation
   4. Bernoulli’s theorem
   5. Pitot’s tube
   6. Flowing through weirs and gates
   7. Energy conservation and Venturi’s tube
   8. Energy line
   9. Euler’s differential equation
   10. Bernoulli’s theorem from Euler’s equation
   11. Pressure distribution across flow lines
5. Integral equations
   1. Control volume
   2. Reynold’s theorem
   3. Mass conservation
   4. Momentum balance
   5. Jet momentum
   6. Flow momentum at bend and junctions in hydraulic pipe systems
   7. Hydraulic machines
6. Energy losses
   1. Laminar and turbulent flows
   2. Reynolds experiment and shear coefficient
   3. Moody’s graph and formulae
   4. Long pipes: shear stress and Darcy’s equation
7. Hydraulic pipe systems
   1. Design and validation
   2. Validation of long pipe
   3. Losses at junctions
   4. Geodetic Head systems
   5. Pump systems
   6. In series and parallel pumps
   7. Minimal suction head
   8. Hydraulic networks
8. Differential equations
   1. Mass conservation
   2. Cauchy’s equation
   3. Rate of strain tensor
   4. Navier-Stokes equation
   5. Laminar flow of viscous fluid: Poisson’s equation
   6. Couette flow
   7. Lubrification

Readings/Bibliography

Yunus A. Cengel, John M. Cimbala. Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications (fourth edition) McGraw-Hill Education, 2018.

Teaching methods

This course supports the University's didactic innovation project which provides a blended format of face-to-face and remote classes.

In particular, the remote classes will be aimed at developing some case studies in a typical "FLIPPED LEARNING/PROBLEM-BASED" approach applying the studied concepts and theory. This will train candidates to the final written test.

This course contributes to the UN's 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In particular, the Objectives:

4 - Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all

10 - Reduce inequality within and among countries

in fact, they are pursued by stimulating collaboration between students divided into heterogeneous groups by origin and background.

The theoretical part will be presented in face-to-face lessons. This will include the development of graphic examples on the blackboard, and the projecting of slides that will be made available in electronic format.

Assessment methods

Students groups will discuss with the teacher the developed study cases and their connections with theoretical topics. This phase does not contribute to the final evaluation but is strongly recommended in order to obtain a good preparation for the final written test.

Final written test on applications/case studies that is required to pass to the oral exam on the theoretical part. This latter is usually given in the same day of the written test.

Teaching tools

Teaching material such as presentations shown during classes and trials of the final written test will be available at the class pages on

https://virtuale.unibo.it/

https://eol.unibo.it/

Parts of the case studies will be reduced to calculation schemes to be solved (Quiz with graphs and concatenated Cloze-type questions) that will make available trials of the final written test.

Office hours

See the website of Massimo Guerrero