- Docente: Erica Leoni
- Credits: 5
- SSD: MED/42
- Language: Italian
- Teaching Mode: Traditional lectures
- Campus: Bologna
- Corso: First cycle degree programme (L) in Exercise and Sport Sciences (cod. 8034)
Learning outcomes
The students will acquire basic knowledge of epidemiologic methods and the general principles of primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. They will learn about the appropriate tools for a correct preventive approach towards problems of health/disease involving the individual and the collective group. In the second part of the course the students will look in more detail at methological aspects, prevention tools and health education measures with specific attention to their application to motor activity and sports.
Course contents
1) EPIDEMIOLOGY Health, risk, disease. Health/disease dynamics. The state of health of the population. Scopes and methods of epidemiology. Determinism of diseases: causes and aetiologic agents; risk and risk factors. Definition of models and introduction to the epidemiological study of infectious diseases and multifactorial diseases.
2) GENERAL EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES Microorganisms. Host-parasite relationships: parasitism-symbiosis, pathogenicity, opportunistic organisms, endogenic flora, “taxonomy” of pathogenic organisms. The bacteria cell, viruses: structure and physiology. Immune response. Sources and vehicles of infection, ways of transmitting infections.
3) THE BASES OF PREVENTION General principles of individual, community and collective prevention. Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. General guidelines for prevention of infectious diseases: direct prophylaxis (notification, quarantine measures, diagnostic ascertainment, health surveillance, epidemiologic survey, disinfection, disinfestation, sterilization), specific prophylaxis (immunoprophylaxis and chemoprophylaxis) and indirect prophylaxis.
4) EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PROPHYLAXIS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES Relations between physical activity and infectious diseases. Tetanus, swimming-pool infections (skin infections, gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis, otitis, meningitis) viral hepatitis, AIDS, bacterial meningitis. Immunoprophylaxis in the athlete: anti-tetanus, anti-hepatitis, anti-influenza, anti meningococcal vaccines. Prophylaxis during international travel: traveller's diarrhoea, cholera, viral hepatitis, yellow fever, malaria, meningococcal infections.
5) HEALTH EDUCATION Methods of analyzing needs and of selecting objectives, sharing of objectives. Methods of transmitting the message. Planning a health education campaign: priorities, objectives, indicators and actions. Targets for the campaign: individuals, groups (formal and informal), schools.
6) ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE Hygiene in the school environment: building characteristics, microclimate, problems concerning the air, lighting and acoustics of classrooms and of the school gymnasium. Hygiene of sports facilities: problems concerning building characteristics, microclimate, sports equipment, CIO and CONI regulations; swimming pool hygiene, depuration methods of swimming pool water. Structural and procedural safety in motor activities for the prevention of accidents.
Readings/Bibliography
Brandi, Liguori, Romano Spica. Igiene e Sanità pubblica per Scienze Motorie. Antonio Delfino Editore, 2009
Eudes Lanciotti. Igiene Medicina sociale e di comunità. Mc Graw-Hill, 2011
Igiene in Piscina, a cura di E. Leoni. Ed Il Campo, 2007
Teaching methods
Lectures, educational visits to sports structures, guided group work on the planning and implementation of health education programmes
Assessment methods
Oral examination to assess the learning of the various aspects of the subject and evaluate the critical capacity of students.
Teaching tools
Video projector, PC
Office hours
See the website of Erica Leoni